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| Nimitz-class aircraft carrier ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Nimitz-class aircraft carrier
The ''Nimitz''-class supercarriers are a class of ten nuclear-powered aircraft carriers in service with the United States Navy. The lead ship of the class is named for World War II United States Pacific Fleet commander Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, the U.S. Navy's last fleet admiral. With an overall length of and full-load displacements of over 100,000 long tons,〔 they have been the largest warships built and in service, although they are being eclipsed by the upcoming ''Gerald R. Ford''-class aircraft carriers. Instead of the gas turbines or diesel-electric systems used for propulsion on many modern warships, the carriers use two A4W pressurized water reactors which drive four propeller shafts and can produce a maximum speed of over and maximum power of around . As a result of the use of nuclear power, the ships are capable of operating for over 20 years without refueling and are predicted to have a service life of over 50 years. They are categorized as nuclear-powered aircraft carriers and are numbered with consecutive hull numbers between CVN-68 and CVN-77.〔The letters ''CVN'' denote the type of ship: "CV" is the hull classification symbol for aircraft carriers, and "N" indicates nuclear-powered propulsion. The number after the ''CVN'' means that this is the 68th "CV", or large aircraft carrier.〕
All ten carriers were constructed by Newport News Shipbuilding Company in Virginia. , the lead ship of the class, was commissioned on 3 May 1975, and , the tenth and last of the class, was commissioned on 10 January 2009. Since the 1970s, ''Nimitz''-class carriers have participated in many conflicts and operations across the world, including Operation Eagle Claw in Iran, the Gulf War, and more recently in Iraq and Afghanistan.
The angled flight decks of the carriers use a CATOBAR arrangement to operate aircraft, with steam catapults and arrestor wires for launch and recovery. As well as speeding up flight deck operations, this allows for a much wider variety of aircraft than with the STOVL arrangement used on smaller carriers. An embarked carrier air wing consisting of up to around 90 aircraft is normally deployed on board. After the retirement of the F-14 Tomcat, the air wings' strike fighters are primarily F/A-18E and F/A-18F Super Hornets and F/A-18A+ and F/A-18C Hornets. In addition to their aircraft, the vessels carry short-range defensive weaponry for anti-aircraft warfare and missile defense.
==Description==
The ''Nimitz''-class carriers have an overall length of and a full-load displacement of about .〔 They have a beam at the waterline of , and the maximum width of their flight decks is to (depending on the variant). The ships' companies can number up to 3,200, not including an air wing of 2,480.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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